超计算

超计算或超图灵计算可以输出非图灵可计算结果的计算模型。例如，一台可以解决停机问题的机器可算作一台超计算机；可以正确推演皮亚诺算术中每一个状态的机器亦然。

邱奇－图灵论题指出，任何可以用有限算法以纸笔计算的"可有效计算"函数都能被图灵机计算。超计算机能计算图灵机无法计算、即邱奇－图灵论题中不可计算的的函数。

严格说来概率图灵机的输出是不可计算的。然而，大多数超计算方向的文献更关注有用的计算而非随机、不可计算的函数。

扩展阅读

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