连带勒让德函数

连带勒让德函数是连带勒让德多项式的推广。

下列连带勒让德方程的解，称为连带勒让德函数

(1-x^{2})\,y''-2xy'+\left[\lambda (\lambda +1)-{\frac {\mu ^{2}}{1-x^{2}}}\right]\,y=0,\,

第一类连带勒让德函数

P_{\lambda }^{\mu }(z)={\frac {1}{\Gamma (1-\mu )}}\left[{\frac {1+z}{1-z}}\right]^{\mu /2}\,_{2}F_{1}(-\lambda ,\lambda +1;1-\mu ;{\frac {1-z}{2}}),\qquad {\text{for }}\ |1-z|<2

Associated Legendre P function

Q_{\lambda }^{\mu }(z)={\frac {{\sqrt {\pi }}\ \Gamma (\lambda +\mu +1)}{2^{\lambda +1}\Gamma (\lambda +3/2)}}{\frac {e^{i\mu \pi }(z^{2}-1)^{\mu /2}}{z^{\lambda +\mu +1}}}\,_{2}F_{1}\left({\frac {\lambda +\mu +1}{2}},{\frac {\lambda +\mu +2}{2}};\lambda +{\frac {3}{2}};{\frac {1}{z^{2}}}\right),\qquad {\text{for}}\ \ |z|>1.

Associated Legendre Q function

Courant, Richard; Hilbert, David, Methods of Mathematical Physics, Volume 1, New York: Interscience Publisher, Inc, 1953 .
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Snow, Chester, Hypergeometric and Legendre functions with applications to integral equations of potential theory, National Bureau of Standards Applied Mathematics Series, No. 19, Washington, D.C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1952 [1942], MR 0048145
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